Lotus corniculatus is a common
flowering plant native to grassland temperate Eurasia and
North Africa. The orthography of the common name is
variously given as Bird's-foot Trefoil, Birdsfoot Trefoil,
Birdfoot Trefoil, or Bird's Foot Trefoil; it is also known
in cultivation in North America as Birdfoot Deervetch.
It is a perennial herbaceous plant, similar in appearance to
some clovers. The flowers develop into small pea-like pods
or legumes. The name 'bird's foot' refers to the appearance
of the seed pods on their stalk. There are five leaflets,
but with the central three held conspicuously above the
others, hence the use of the name trefoil.
The height of the plant is variable, from 5-20 cm,
occasionally more where supported by other plants; the stems
can reach up to 50 cm long. It is typically sprawling at the
height of the surrounding grassland. It can survive fairly
close grazing, trampling and mowing. It is most often found
in sandy soils.
The plant has had many common English names in Britain,
which are now mostly out of use. These names were often
connected with the yellow and orange colour of the flowers,
e.g. 'eggs and bacon', 'butter and eggs'.
Uses
It is used in agriculture as a forage plant, grown for
pasture, hay, and silage. Taller growing cultivars have been
developed for this. It may be used as an alternative to
alfalfa in poor soils. It has become an invasive species in
some regions of North America and Australia.
A double flowered variety is grown as an ornamental plant.
The plant is an important nectar source for many insects and
is also used as a larval food plant by many species of
Lepidoptera such as Six-spot Burnet. It is regularly
included as a component of wildflower mixes in Europe.
- from www.wikipedia.org
